Paediatric Neurology

Paroxysmal events 
Know the important non-epileptic paroxysmal phenomena in neonates, infants, young children, older children and adolescents   The diagnosis of vasovagal syncope
Know the motor and autonomic phenomena that can occur as part of syncope 

Assessment of Patients Presenting with Blackouts

Differential Diagnosis of Blackouts and Epilepsy

Understand the limitations of EEG in relation to establishing a diagnosis of epilepsy. 

Role of EEG in the Diagnosis of Epilepsy 

The Management of Non-Epileptic Seizures (NES)

Be able to interpret video and video-EEG recordings of paroxysmal events 
Be able to recognise a non-epileptic attack disorder 

Differential Diagnosis of Blackouts and Epilepsy 

The Diagnosis of Non-epileptic Seizures 

The Management of Non-Epileptic Seizures (NES)

Be able to recognise cardiac causes of paroxysmal events 

Assessment of Patients Presenting with Blackouts 

Cardiac Syncope

Be able to initiate appropriate treatment for severe syncope and reflex asystolic syncope  The Diagnosis of Vasovagal Syncope
Be able to organise a programme of investigation that may differentiate between these causes 

Acute Symptomatic Seizures

Assessment of Patients Presenting with Blackouts

Brain Imaging in Seizures and Epilepsy

Cardiac Syncope

Be able to explain the concept of non-epileptic attack disorder to child and family in a beneficial and therapeutic manner  The Diagnosis of Non-epileptic Seizures
Acute and / or continuing seizures 
Understand the role of the EEG in syndromic diagnosis of epilepsy  

Epilepsy in Adolescence

Epileptic Seizures and Syndromes in Neonates and Infants

Idiopathic Epilepsy

Role of EEG in Assessment for Epilepsy Surgery

Role of EEG in the Diagnosis of Epilepsy

Know the approaches to the management of sub-clinical ( non-convulsive ) status epilepticus  Non-convulsive Status Epilepticus
Know the mechanisms of morbidity and mortality due to convulsive status epilepticus and its treatment  Convulsive Status Epilepticus
Be able to formulate the syndromic diagnosis of important childhood epilepsies 

Diagnosis of Frontal Lobe Epilepsy

Diagnosis of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE)

Epilepsy in Adolescence

Epileptic Seizures and Syndromes in Neonates and Infants

Idiopathic Epilepsy

Occipital and Parietal Lobe Epilepsies 

Other Childhood Epilepsy Syndromes

The Causes of Epilepsy: Idiopathic Epilepsy

The Classification of Seizures and the Epilepsies

Be able to lead early treatment for acute continuing seizures 

Convulsive Status Epilepticus

Interactions of Antiepileptic Drugs

Monitoring Drug Therapy

Starting Epilepsy Treatment

Be able to lead ICU management of convulsive and non-convulsive status epilepticus in conjunction with ICU staff 

Convulsive Status Epilepticus

Non-convulsive Status Epilepticus

Acute encephalopathy 
Know the causes of encephalopathy in all age groups including neonates  

Examining Patients in Coma

Common Neurological Symptoms: Delirium

Epidemiology of Head Injury

Head Injuries in Children

Inflicted Head Injury in Childhood - Non-accidental

Imaging in Head Injury

Causes and Clinical Assessment of Coma

Neurological Complications of Critical Illness

Normal Sleep Architecture

Know the role of neurosurgical interventions in the management of raised intracranial pressure in traumatic and non-traumatic encephalopathy 

Head Injuries in Children

Early Phase Care of the Moderate and Severely Head Injured Patient

Management of the Head-Injured Patient

Overview of the Surgical Management of Head Injury

Know the clinical, neuro-physiological and neuro-radiological indicator of prognosis after acquired brain injury 

Head Injuries in Children

Neuropathology of Head Injury

Imaging in Head Injury

Outcome After Head Injury

EEG in the Diagnosis of Coma

Be able to determine conscious level of and the  need for ICU support including indications for ventilation 

Head Injuries in Children

Early Phase Care of the Moderate and Severely Head Injured Patient

Management of the Head-Injured Patient

Be able to lead investigation for causes of acute non-traumatic encephalopathy in all age groups including neonates 

Examining Patients in Coma

Common Neurological Symptoms: Delirium

Head Injuries in Children

Inflicted Head Injury in Childhood - Non-accidental

Causes and Clinical Assessment of Coma

Neurological Complications of Critical Illness

Recognise brain herniation syndromes 

Early Phase Care of the Moderate and Severely Head Injured Patient

Imaging in Head Injury

Raised ICP, Herniation and Management

Liaise in the management of raised intracranial pressure with neurosurgical and ICU staff 

Head Injuries in Children

Early Phase Care of the Moderate and Severely Head Injured Patient

Management of the Head-Injured Patient

Neurointensive Care ICU Management of TBI

Cerebral Protection Strategies in Head Injury

Raised ICP, Herniation and Management

Be able to perform brainstem death function tests 

The Assessment of Patients in Coma

Raised ICP, Herniation and Management

Acute headache 
Be able to formulate a diagnosis of acute onset ( single episode ) headache 
Be able to lead investigation of a child with acute headache  Low CSF Pressure Headache
Recognise acute headache due to raised intracranial pressure and be able to investigate and manage appropriately in conjunction with specialists from other disciplines as appropriate 

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

Papilloedema and Related Optic Disc Disorders

Diagnostic Imaging in Brain Tumours

Assessment of the Patient with a Brain Tumour

Clinical Presentation of Patients with Brain Tumours

CNS tumours – Basic Histology and the WHO Grading System

 559, 560, 570, 571, 572, 573

Acute onset focal neurological signs 
Know the investigation for causes of acute ischaemic or haemorrhagic   

Transient Ischaemic Attack: Clinical Features, Referral Pathway and Investigation

Stroke Aetiology

A Structured Approach to the Investigation and Evaluation of the Cause of Stroke

Ischaemic Stroke - Carotid and Vertebral Artery Dissection

Cardioembolic Stroke

Venous Stroke

The Diagnosis and Management of Spontaneous Subarachnoid Haemorrhage

Infantile Intraventricular Haemorrhage

Management of Vein of Galen Malformation

Principles in Managing Cavernomas

Spinal Vascular Malformations

Know the risk factors for stroke recurrence 

Secondary Prevention of Stroke

Venous Stroke

Vasculitis

Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms

Familial intracranial aneurysms

Paediatric Vascular Neurosurgery

Know the indications for anticoagulation in acute cerebrovascular disease 

Acute Stroke Treatment

Cardioembolic Stroke

Venous Stroke

Be able to locate the site of an acute neurological event by examination findings 

Transient Ischaemic Attack: Clinical Features, Referral Pathway and Investigation

Stroke - Clinical Features and Classification

Spinal Vascular Malformations

Know and be able to interpret neuroradiological findings in the light of this knowledge be able for formulate a differentia diagnosis for the cause of acute onset focal neurological signs based on history and other clinical data 

Basic Principles of CT Interpretation for Acute Stroke

Ischaemic Stroke - Carotid and Vertebral Artery Dissection

Venous Stroke

Vasculitis

Occlusion Challenges and Revascularisation Methods

Management of Vein of Galen Malformation

Principles in Managing Cavernomas

Spinal Vascular Malformations

Be able to interpret imaging data ( with neuro-radiology colleagues ) to formulate cause of acute neurological event 

Basic Principles of CT Interpretation for Acute Stroke

Ischaemic Stroke - Carotid and Vertebral Artery Dissection

Venous Stroke

Vasculitis

Occlusion Challenges and Revascularisation Methods

Vasospasm

Management of Vein of Galen Malformation

Principles in Managing Cavernomas

Spinal Vascular Malformations

Ataxia ( see also outpatient presentations ) 
Know the differential diagnosis of acute and chronic, progressive and non-progressive ataxia 

Acquired Cerebellar and Spinocerebellar Ataxias

Drug-induced Movement Disorders

Hereditary Cerebellar Ataxia

Diagnostic Imaging in Brain Tumours

Assessment of the Patient with a Brain Tumour

Clinical Presentation of Patients with Brain Tumours

CNS tumours – Basic Histology and the WHO Grading System

562, 571

Be able to distinguish cerebellar, sensory and mixed ataxias 

Acquired Cerebellar and Spinocerebellar Ataxias

Features, Causes and Treatment of Cerebellar Tremor and Ataxia

Be able to investigate acute onset ataxia  Acquired Cerebellar and Spinocerebellar Ataxias
Abnormal movements 
Know the differential diagnosis of acute and chronic, progressive and non-progressive movement disorders 

Diagnosis and Treatment of Essential Tremor

Drug-induced Movement Disorders

Dystonia: Classification and Genetics

Dystonias: Secondary Causes and Investigations

Hereditary Cerebellar Ataxia

Myoclonus

Rare Causes of Tremor

Tourette's Syndrome and Other Tic Disorders

Tremor: Classification and Management

Know the symptomatic drug treats for chorea, dystonia and myoclonus  Myoclonus
Understand the need for cardiac assessment in Sydenham's chorea 
Be able to differentiate accurately movement disorder phenotypes including myoclonus, chorea and dystonia 

Classification and Epidemiology of Movement Disorders

Dystonia: Classification and Genetics

Dystonias: Secondary Causes and Investigations

Myoclonus

Rare Causes of Tremor

Tourette's Syndrome and Other Tic Disorders

Tremor: Classification and Management

Acute confusional state 
Know the differential diagnosis of acute confusional states   Common Neurological Symptoms: Delirium
Be able to differentiate between an acute confusional state and reduced consciousness and psychosis 

Common Neurological Symptoms: Delirium

The Assessment of Patients in Coma

Causes and Clinical Assessment of Coma

Acute weakness 
Know the therapies for severe acute and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy ( AIDP and CIDP )   Acquired Peripheral Neuropathies
Know the principles of supportive and rehabilitative care with particular reference to paraplegia and peripheral weakness and during ICU care 

Neurological Complications of Critical Illness

Assessment of Ptosis

Be able to distinguish neuropathic and myopathis causes of acute weakness 

Acquired Muscle Disease

Acquired Peripheral Neuropathies

Clinical Neurophysiology of Muscle and NMJ Disorders

HIV Encephalopathy

Degenerative Dementias: Current Concepts and Overview

Transverse Myelitis: Causes, Assessment and Management

Be able to distinguish peripheral and cord causes of acute onset weakness including the recognition of acute paraplegia 

Acquired Peripheral Neuropathies

Clinical Neurophysiology of Muscle and NMJ Disorders

Tetanus

Neuromyelitis Optica (Devic's Disease)

Transverse Myelitis: Causes, Assessment and Management

552, 556

Recognise the clinical features of AIDP and CIDP  Acquired Peripheral Neuropathies
Be able to assess the adequacy of bulbar and respiratory function 
Be able to manage the autonomic complications of acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy 
Meningism and altered consciousness 
Know the important infectious causes of meningitis and encephalitis in different clinical settings including neonates and the immunocompromised host 

Introduction to Neurological Infectious Diseases

Acute Pneumococcal and Meningococcal Meningitis

Diagnosing and Managing Patients with Tubercular Meningitis

Listeria Monocytogenes Meningitis

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Aseptic Meningitis

Encephalitis

Nervous System Manifestations of Varicella Zoster Infection

Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis

Autoimmune Encephalitis

Congenital Cytomegalovirus

HIV Encephalopathy

Toxoplasmosis

Cerebral Malaria

Syphilis

Lyme Borreliosis

Human Prion Diseases

Autoimmune Encephalopathies

555, 570

Know the considerations in relation to antibiotic selection and steroid use 

Acute Pneumococcal and Meningococcal Meningitis

Diagnosing and Managing Patients with Tubercular Meningitis

Listeria Monocytogenes Meningitis

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Encephalitis

Nervous System Manifestations of Varicella Zoster Infection

Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis

Autoimmune Encephalitis

Congenital Cytomegalovirus

HIV Encephalopathy

Toxoplasmosis

Cerebral Malaria

Syphilis

Lyme Borreliosis

Know the clinical and radiological features of post-infectious processes, for example acute disseminated encephalo-myelitis 

Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM)

Transverse Myelitis: Causes, Assessment and Management

Degenerative Dementias: Current Concepts and Overview

Be able to recognise common complications of CNS infection including abscess and subdural collection 

The Diagnosis and Management of Brain Abscesses

Imaging Features of Bacterial Brain Infection

Discitis, Vertebral Osteomyelitis and Epidural Abscess

Trauma to central and peripheral nervous system ( see also Acute Encephalopathy above ) 
Know the typical patterns of recovery of awareness from acquired brain injury 
Understand principles of goal-orientated interdisciplinary team working 

Head Injuries in Children

Inflicted Head Injury in Childhood - Non-accidental

Know the medical complications seen in the early phase of recovery after acquired brain injury 

Cerebral Protection Strategies in Head Injury

Nutrition and Fluid Balance in the Head Injured Patient

Complications of Head Injury - Cranial Nerve and Vascular Complications

Complications of Head Injury: Hydrocephalus, Seizures and Pituitary Dysfunction

Complications of Head Injury: CSF Leak and Intracranial Infection

Neurological Complications of Critical Illness

625

Recognise peripheral neurological trauma to brachial and lumbar plexus alone and in combination with CNS trauma 
Be able to recognise low level states of consciousness 

The Assessment of Patients in Coma

Causes and Clinical Assessment of Coma

632, 633

Be able to work with the multi-disciplinary team (MDT) to characterise accurately low-awareness states 
Be able to work effectively with the multi-disciplinary team to manage early postural and other complications of acquired brain injury 

Neuropsychology and Head Injury

Outcome After Head Injury

637, 639, 642, 643, 647

Be able to work with educational and other agencies in longer term advocacy for children after acquired brain injury  554
Eye movement abnormalities and visual field defects 
Know the localising value of eye movement abnormalities and visual field defects  

The Assessment of Patients in Coma

Raised ICP, Herniation and Management

Assessment of Double Vision

Assessment of Ptosis

Assessment of Visual Failure

Central Disorders of Saccadic and Pursuit Eye Movements

Chiasmal Disorders

Retrochiasmal Disorders

Be able to recognise and distinguish paralytic and non-paralytic squint, oculomotor apraxia, opsoclonus and nystagmus  Assessment of Double Vision
Be able to investigate causes of abnormal eye movements and visual field defects appropriately 

Assessment of Double Vision

Assessment of Ptosis

Assessment of Visual Failure

Chiasmal Disorders

Ocular Myopathies

Optic Nerve Tumours

Orbital and Cavernous Sinus Disorders

Retrochiasmal Disorders

559

Be able to distinguish supra-nuclear, cranial nerve, and mechanical causes of restricted eye movement 

Assessment of Double Vision

Assessment of Ptosis

Ocular Myopathies

Oculomotor Disorders

Cranial nerve signs 
Be able to formulate a differential diagnosis for a child presenting with cranial nerve signs 

Pupil Abnormalities

Retinal Disorders in Neurological Disease

Imaging Features of Pineal Region Tumours

Assessment of the Patient with a Brain Tumour

CNS tumours – Basic Histology and the WHO Grading System

558, 570

Illness in a child with complex disabilities 
Know the approaches to symptomatic and palliative management of severe spasticity and dystonia, and of respiratory symptoms in a child with complex disabilities 
Know the issues relating to the use of intensive care for children with complex disabilities 
Be able to initiate treatment for symptomatic and palliative management of severe spasticity and dystonia in child with complex disability 
Be able to discuss with family and professional colleagues issues relating to the use of intensive care for children with complex disabilities 
Neural tube defects and other congenital anomalies 
Know about common associated features of neural tube defects and their management ( including hydrocephalus, Chiari malformations )  605, 611, 612
Know about sphincter management in neural tube defects 

Neural Control of the Bladder

Investigation and Management of Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction

Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction

Be able to advise on likely function and levels of disability based on level of defect and examination findings. 

Community and Outpatient presentations

Headache 
Know the investigation and management options for idiopathic intracranial hypertension ( \"pseudo-tumour cerebri\" ) 

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

Papilloedema and Related Optic Disc Disorders

Know the approaches ( including psychological ) to the management of chronic daily headache  Headache in Children and Adolescents
Be able to recognise fundoscopic signs of raised intracranial pressure ( including venous pulsation ) 

Papilloedema and Related Optic Disc Disorders

Diagnosis and Treatment of Episodic Tension-Type Headache

Be able to recognise headache caused by chronic analgestic use  Diagnosis and Treatment of Episodic Tension-Type Headache
Be able to formulate a clinical diagnosis of headache due to raised intracranial pressure 

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

Papilloedema and Related Optic Disc Disorders

Diagnostic Imaging in Brain Tumours

562, 570, 571, 572, 573

Be able to make a clinical diagnosis of common and classic migraine, tension and mixed tension-migraine headaches  Headache in Children and Adolescents
Epilepsy 
Know the interactions between epilepsy and its treatment and other impairments in children with epilepsy and complex neurodisability (\"epilepsy plus\")  

Epilepsy and Learning Disability

Memory and Epilepsy

Other Childhood Epilepsy Syndromes

Palliative Surgical Treatments for Epilepsy

Surgical Treatment of Epilepsy - Workup and Outcome

Use of Antiepileptic Drugs in Refractory Epilepsy

Be able to formulate a syndromic diagnosis of epilepsy 

Diagnosis of Frontal Lobe Epilepsy

Diagnosis of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE)

Epilepsy in Adolescence

Epileptic Seizures and Syndromes in Neonates and Infants

Idiopathic Epilepsy

Occipital and Parietal Lobe Epilepsies

Other Childhood Epilepsy Syndromes

The Causes of Epilepsy: Idiopathic Epilepsy

Be able to advise parents about education and safety including the prevention of accidental and sudden expected death  Social Consequences of Epilepsy
Be able to work effectively with educational, mental health and other services to mitigate behavioural, cognitive and social consequences of severe epilepsy (\"axis 5\")  Social Consequences of Epilepsy
Neuro-developmental regression 
Know the presentations, differential diagnosis and investigations of common neurodegenerative conditions, including metabolic, mitochondrial and neurotransmitter disorders  Vascular Cognitive Impairment: Rare and Unusual Causes
Be able to recognise regression of developmental skills 
Be able to demonstrate a systematic and logical approach to the investigation of neuro-developmental regression guided by age, ethnicity and other clinical features 
Isolated motor delay 
Know the common presentations, investigations and differential diagnosis of peripheral neuromuscular disease  

Clinical Introduction to Muscle Diseases

Clinical Neurophysiology of Muscle and NMJ Disorders

Genetic Muscle Disease

Hereditary Neuropathies

Neuromuscular Junction Disorders

The Diagnostic Pathology of Neuromuscular Disease

HIV Neuropathy

Botulism

Know about seating, splinting, aid and appliance issues in relation to neuromuscular disease 
Recognise early presentation of muscular dystrophy 
Be able to manage postural, cardiac and respiratory complications of common neuromuscular diseases 
Isolated language delay 
Be familiar with instrumental and techniques used by speech/language therapists in the assessment of developmental language delay 
Know the risk factors for sensorineural hearing impairment and principles of hearing testing at various ages 

Central Disorders of Hearing

Hearing and Balance Tests

Know about the particular considerations relevant to acquired aphasias compared to developmental language delay 
Be able to describe the nature of language delay and distinguish expressive from receptive disorders, and identify language delay as part of pervasive developmental delay 
Be able to distinguish simple phonological  delay from more significant disorders 
Pervasive developmental delay 
Be familiar with diagnostic / assessment instruments for autistic spectrum disorders 
Know about relationships between pervasive developmental disorders and epilepsy including Landau-Kleffner syndrome 
Be able to investigate selectively and appropriately a child with autistic spectrum disorder for primary neurological causes. 
Global developmental delay 
Know the indications for radiological, simply and complex genetic and other investigations of the child with global developmental delay  
Know the causes, types and definitions of cerebral palsy 
Know about common neurogenetic syndromes 
Know about the approaches to the management of posture and feeding 
Know about the means of assessing and augmenting communicative ability in children with multiple disabilities, including recognition of low level states in the context of acquired brain injury 
Be able to manage common medical complications in children with chronic disability 
Be able to initiate appropriate treatment for severe syncope and reflex asystolic syncope 
Be able to organise a programme of investigation that may differentiate between these causes 
Be able to explain the concept of non-epileptic attack disorder to child and family in a beneficial and therapeutic manner 
School failure 
Know the likely cause of emerging educational difficulty including unrecognised prior learning difficulties, prior acquired brain injury, unrecognised medical conditions  
Be aware of the role of neuropsychological assessment 
Have developed a systematic approach to the assessment of a child with school failure 
Ataxia ( see also acute presentations ) 
Be able to investigate chronic and chronic progressive ataxia 

Acquired Cerebellar and Spinocerebellar Ataxias

Features, Causes and Treatment of Cerebellar Tremor and Ataxia

Hereditary Cerebellar Ataxia

Diagnostic Imaging in Brain Tumours

Assessment of the Patient with a Brain Tumour

Clinical Presentation of Patients with Brain Tumours

CNS tumours – Basic Histology and the WHO Grading System

571

Floppy infant 
Know the genetic and electrophysiological investigation of spinal muscular atrophies, congential muscular and myotonic distrophies  

Clinical Introduction to Muscle Diseases

Clinical Neurophysiology of Muscle and NMJ Disorders

Genetic Muscle Disease

Be able to distinguish central hypotonia from hypotonia associated with weakness of peripheral cause 
Be able to initiate an appropriate investigation plan for a child with central hypotonia ( including metabolic, genetic and radiological investigations ) 

Clinical Introduction to Muscle Diseases

Botulism

Tetanus

Gait abnormalities 
Know the indications for gait analysis  623
Be able to describe the neurological basis of a gait abnormality and investigate appropriately  623
Abnormal head size and shape 
Be able to distinguish postural plagiocephaly from craniosynostosis 
Recognise clinical and radiological features of decompensated hydrocephalus   605, 606
Be familiar with neurosurgical approaches to hydrocephalus and relative indications  606
Recognise shunt infection and obstruction 
Behaviour and conduct disorders 
Know the potential, contribution of unrecognised learning, attentional or medical difficulties to behaviour and conduct disorders  
Be able to assess and refer appropriately for neuropsychological or other investigation 
Chronic ataxia 
Know about medical complications of ataxia telangectasia, Friedreich ataxia and other conditions  
Movement disorders 
Know the differential diagnosis associated with dystonic, myoclonic and other movement disorders by age group 

Diagnosis and Treatment of Essential Tremor

Drug-induced Movement Disorders

Dystonia: Classification and Genetics

Dystonias: Secondary Causes and Investigations

Hereditary Spastic Paraplegi

Myoclonus

Rare Causes of Tremor

Restless Legs Syndrome

Tourette's Syndrome and Other Tic Disorders

Tremor: Classification and Management

Be familiar with the neuroradiological findings of common movement disorders know  about the investigation and management of Wilson disease and DOPA-responsive dystonia 

Dystonia: Classification and Genetics

Dystonias: Secondary Causes and Investigations

Be able to describe the phenotype of abnormal movement 

Classification and Epidemiology of Movement Disorders

Diagnosis and Treatment of Essential Tremor

Myoclonus

Rare Causes of Tremor

Restless Legs Syndrome

Tourette's Syndrome and Other Tic Disorders

Tremor: Classification and Management

Be able to suggest appropriate symptomatic treatments for extrapyramidal and other movement disorders 

Features, Causes and Treatment of Cerebellar Tremor and Ataxia

Rare Causes of Tremor

Restless Legs Syndrome

Tourette's Syndrome and Other Tic Disorders

Tremor: Classification and Management

637, 639

Medically unexplained symptoms 
Be able to help families recognise the impairment resulting from medically unexplained symptoms and help them engage with CAMHS services for a range of treatment inputs  
Be able to recognise non-organic symptoms including apparent sensory and motor symptoms and seizures 
Be able to introduce the child and family to the concept of medically unexplained symptoms in a manner appropriate to the individual case that promotes recovery 
Sleep disorders 
Know the differential diagnosis of disorders of sleep in childhood 

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness

Normal Sleep Architecture

Narcolepsy

Know the investigative techniques suitable for the evaluation of sleep disorders in childhood  EEG in Sleep Disorders and the MSLT
Be able to evaluate a history of disordered sleep and reach an appropriate diagnosis 

Normal Sleep Architecture

Narcolepsy

Be able to advise and / or inform the family of the nature of sleep disorder and initiate treatment if necessary  Narcolepsy
Neuro-cutaneous syndromes 
Be familiar with recommended monitoring protocols for the prevention of common complications of neurocutaneous syndromes  
Chronic sensory symptoms including chronic pain 
Know the differential diagnosis of chronic sensory symptoms and chronic pain  

Heredo-Familial Optic Neuropathies

Optic Nerve Tumours

Optic Neuritis

Retinal Disorders in Neurological Disease

Acute Vertigo and Dizziness

Central Causes of Vestibular Disturbance

Central Disorders of Hearing

Diagnostic Approach to Dizziness and Vertigo

Anatomy and Pathophysiology of Dizziness and Vertigo

Hearing and Balance Tests

Be able to investigate and manage chronic pain and chronic sensory symptoms appropriately  

Heredo-Familial Optic Neuropathies

Optic Nerve Tumours

Toxic Nutritional Optic Neuropathy

Optic Neuritis

Retinal Disorders in Neurological Disease

Acute Vertigo and Dizziness

Anatomy and Pathophysiology of Dizziness and Vertigo

Central Causes of Vestibular Disturbance

Central Disorders of Hearing

Diagnostic Approach to Dizziness and Vertigo

Hearing and Balance Tests

Peripheral Causes of Vestibular Disorders and Sensory Mismatch Type Syndromes

Child Psychiatry 
Demonstrate a high level of skill in engaging with children, adolescents and parents, including \"hard to reach\" children and families  
Be able to complete a mental state examination and to assess the mental health problems of a child or young person 
Demonstrate developing skills in reaching a psychiatric formulation 
Demonstrate developing skills in judging the severity of emotional and behavioural difficulties and their impact on children and families 
Demonstrate an understanding of the ways in which emotional, behavioural and developmental problems can result from physical disorders and demonstrate appropriate thresholds for involvement of CAMHS professionals for advice or direct assessment 
Demonstrate an understanding of the roles and potential contributions of members of the multidisciplinary CAMHS team 
Be familiar with psycho-pharmacology for child and adolescent mental health problems 
Be familiar with the theoretical bases, principles and indications of the major models of psychological treatment  
Know the use and limitations of questionnaire measures in child and adolescent mental health, including disorder-specific and more global functioning measures 
Be able to assess patients presenting with a range of psychiatric symptoms and complete a mental state examination 
Be able to assess and manage acute and chronic presentations of mental health conditions 
Know when to seek advice from the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) in a timely fashion  
Know  the epidemiology, aetiology and co-morbidities of a range of child psychiatric conditions  
Know the indications for a range of therapies and medication for childhood psychiatric conditions 
Know about resources for families and professionals relevant to children with a range of psychiatric disorders 
Acute agitation or confusion 
Know the drugs that can cause behavioural or psychiatric symptoms  
Be able to distinguish acute confusional state from other forms of behavioural disturbance  Common Neurological Symptoms: Delirium
Be able to assess orientation and complete a mental state examination  Common Neurological Symptoms: Delirium
Psychotic disorders 
Know the risk factors for psychotic illnesses arriving de novo or as part of other organic illnesses  
Be able to  assess possible psychotic symptoms  
Communication and socialisation disorders 
Act as an advocate for the educational needs for children with autistic spectrum disorders (ASDs)  
Major affective disorder  
Know the indications for psychotropic medications 
Know the indications for psychological therapy  
Attention deficit disorder 
Know the indications for and potential complications of stimulant therapy  
Seizures 
Know the  psychotropic effects and behavioural side effects of anticonvulsant medication   Memory and Epilepsy
Be able to draw up a formulation that incorporates the epileptic, organic and psychosocial factors that underlie problem behaviours encountered in children with complex epilepsy 

Epilepsy and Learning Disability

Epilepsy in Adolescence

The Management of Non-Epileptic Seizures (NES)

Be able to draw up a formulation of the predisposing, precipitating and perpetuating factors in a child with non-epileptic attack disorder (NEAD; \"pseudo-seizures\")  

The Management of Non-Epileptic Seizures (NES)

The Diagnosis of Non-epileptic Seizures

Medically unexplained physical symptoms  
Know how to evaluate presentations of a medically unexplained physical symptoms, the major categories and their associations 
Be able to communicate the psychiatric formulation of the child's illness to the child, parents, ward staff or community paediatric team 
Be able to engage families with appropriate interventions 
Adult Neurology 
Be able to perform and interpret a full clinical examination of an adult neurological patient 

Neurological Examination: Cranial Nerves

Neurological Examination: Visual Function

Examination of the Limbs

Neurological Examination: Gait

The Mental Status Examination in Neurology

Neurological Examination: Speech

Examining Patients in Coma

Principles of Neurological Investigation

Lumbar Puncture and Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid

Neuromuscular Assessment

Neurological History: A General Approach and Common Pitfalls

Neurological Assessment – Movement Disorders

An Approach to the Cognitively-impaired Adult

Neurological Assessment: Weakness and Sensory Loss

Common Neurological Symptoms - Language Problems

Common Neurological Symptoms: Behavioural and Organic Mental Symptoms

Common Neurological Symptoms Muscle Twitching

Common Neurological Symptoms: Delirium

622

Know about  services for adults with physical and learning difficulties and chronic neurological diseases 
Know about  the processes of rehabilitative and other care for adults with long-term disabilities and be  able to compare and contrast these approaches with those for  children 

Neuropsychology and Head Injury

626. 627, 628, 629, 634, 635, 637, 638, 639, 640, 641, 642, 643, 644, 645, 646, 647, 648, 649

Acute stroke in adults 
Know the differential diagnosis of stroke, including venous infarction  

Stroke Aetiology

Stroke Mimics

Ischaemic Stroke - Carotid and Vertebral Artery Dissection

Cardioembolic Stroke

Venous Stroke

Vasculitis

Aetiology and Pathophysiology of Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage

Aetiology and Pathophysiology of Subarachnoid Haemorrhage

The Diagnosis and Management of Spontaneous Subarachnoid Haemorrhage

Principles in Managing Cavernomas

Spinal Vascular Malformations

Know the role and limitations of imaging investigations in the diagnosis of acute stroke 

Ischaemic Stroke - Carotid and Vertebral Artery Dissection

Venous Stroke

Vasculitis

Basic Principles of CT Interpretation for Acute Stroke

Know the aetiology and investigation of acute stroke in young and older adults 

Transient Ischaemic Attack: Clinical Features, Referral Pathway and Investigation

Cardioembolic Stroke

Venous Stroke

Vasculitis

Aetiology and Pathophysiology of Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage

Aetiology and Pathophysiology of Subarachnoid Haemorrhage

The Diagnosis and Management of Spontaneous Subarachnoid Haemorrhage

Occlusion Challenges and Revascularisation Methods

Vasospasm

Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms

Principles in Managing Cavernomas

Spinal Vascular Malformations

Understand secondary prevention of stroke  Secondary Prevention of Stroke
Understand the principles of anti-platelet, anti-coagulant therapy in Transient ischaemic attack (TIA)/acute stroke 

Acute Stroke Treatment

Know the indications for thrombolytic treatment of acute stroke in adults 

Acute Stroke Treatment

Cardioembolic Stroke

Be able to diagnose the important anterior and posterior circulation TIA and stroke syndromes 

Transient Ischaemic Attack: Clinical Features, Referral Pathway and Investigation

Stroke - Clinical Features and Classification

A Structured Approach to the Investigation and Evaluation of the Cause of Stroke

Be able to recognise basic anatomical features of normal digital four-vessel and MR angiogram studies 

Neuroradiological Interventions in Carotid or Vertebral Artery Stenosis

Ischaemic Stroke - Carotid and Vertebral Artery Dissection

Venous Stroke

Occlusion Challenges and Revascularisation Methods

Vasospasm

Seizures 
Know the differential diagnosis of paroxysmal episodes in adults incliding syncope and non-epileptic attack disorder  

Differential Diagnosis of Blackouts and Epilepsy

The Diagnosis of Non-epileptic Seizures

The Diagnosis of Vasovagal Syncope

The Management of Non-Epileptic Seizures (NES)

Know and understand the long-term natural history ( into adulthood ) of epilepsy syndromes presenting in childhood 

Epilepsy in Adolescence

Management of Epilepsy in Remission

Other Childhood Epilepsy Syndromes

Know the aetiologies of seizure disorders presenting in adulthood 

Acute Symptomatic Seizures

Assessment and Treatment of Refractory Epilepsy

Management of Epilepsy in the Elderly

Occipital and Parietal Lobe Epilepsies

The Causes of Epilepsy: Idiopathic Epilepsy

Be able to diagnose the common partial ( simply and complex ) and generalised epilepsy syndromes 

Diagnosis of Frontal Lobe Epilepsy

Diagnosis of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE)

Epilepsy in Adolescence

Idiopathic Epilepsy

Occipital and Parietal Lobe Epilepsies

The Classification of Seizures and the Epilepsies

Be able to initiate appropriate investigations and treatment of epilepsy in adults, including status epilepticus 

Assessment and Treatment of Refractory Epilepsy

Brain Imaging in Seizures and Epilepsy

Choosing Antiepileptic Drugs for Focal Epilepsy

Choosing Antiepileptic Drugs for Generalised Epilepsy

Convulsive Status Epilepticus

Interactions of Antiepileptic Drugs

Non-convulsive Status Epilepticus

Palliative Surgical Treatments for Epilepsy

Starting Epilepsy Treatment

Surgical Treatment of Epilepsy - Workup and Outcome

Use of Antiepileptic Drugs in Refractory Epilepsy

Be able to advise on seizure treatment and anticonvulsants selection in pregnancy and for women of child bearing potential 

Management of Women with Epilepsy: Reproductive Issues

Monitoring Drug Therapy

Pregnancy and Epilepsy

Headache 
Know about the headaches/facial pain syndromes 

Differential Diagnosis of Headache

Overview of Chronic Headache

Diagnosis and Treatment of Migraine

Cluster headache Acute and Prophylactic Treatments

Diagnosis and Treatment of Cranial Arteritis

Diagnosis and Treatment of Episodic Tension-Type Headache

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

Diagnosis and Management of Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias

Diagnosis and Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia

Other Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias

Demyelinating disease 
Know the differential diagnosis of Miltiple Sclerosis (MS), including Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) 

Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM)

Multiple Sclerosis - Assessment and Diagnosis

Neuro-Behçet's

Neurological Manifestations of Lupus and the Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Neuromyelitis Optica (Devic's Disease)

Neurosarcoidosis

Rheumatoid, Sjögren's and Other Autoimmune Disorders Affecting the CNS

Transverse Myelitis: Causes, Assessment and Management

Know the role of steroids, symptomatic therapies and disease modifying therapies 

Multiple Sclerosis: Management of Relapses

Be able to diagnose relapsing and remitting multiple sclerosis. 

Multiple Sclerosis - Assessment and Diagnosis

Multiple Sclerosis: Basic Epidemiology and Pathophysiology

Multiple Sclerosis: Management of Relapses

Recognise typical magnetic resonance (MR) appearances of multiple sclerosis and differential diagnosis. 

Multiple Sclerosis - Assessment and Diagnosis

Neuro-Behçet's

Neurological Manifestations of Lupus and the Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Neuromyelitis Optica (Devic's Disease)

Neurosarcoidosis

Rheumatoid, Sjögren's and Other Autoimmune Disorders Affecting the CNS

Transverse Myelitis: Causes, Assessment and Management

Be able to initiate appropriate steroid treatment in an acute relapse of MS 

Multiple Sclerosis: Management of Relapses

Weakness 
Know the use of cholinesterase inhibitors, thymectomy and immunological treatment of myasthenia gravis 

Neuromuscular Junction Disorders

Be able to diagnose and manage acute and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathies (AIDP, CISP) 

Acquired Peripheral Neuropathies

Clinical Neurophysiology of Muscle and NMJ Disorders

Be able to diagnose and treat inherited and acquired muscle disease 

Acquired Muscle Disease

Acquired Peripheral Neuropathies

Clinical Introduction to Muscle Diseases

Clinical Neurophysiology of Muscle and NMJ Disorders

Genetic Muscle Disease

Be able to distinguish confidently between upper motor neurone (UMN) and lower motor neurone (LMN) patterns of limb weakness 

Examination of the Limbs

Neurological Examination: Gait

Neuromuscular Assessment

Neurological Assessment: Weakness and Sensory Loss

Recognise the presence and significance of mixed UMN and LMN signs 

Neurological Assessment: Weakness and Sensory Loss

Recognise apparent weakness due to ataxia 

Neurological Assessment: Weakness and Sensory Loss

Recognise and localise lesions to the cerebral hemispheres, brainstem or spinal cord ( including cord compression and syrinx) 

Neurological Assessment: Weakness and Sensory Loss

Recognise and localise disorders of root / plexus and peripheral nerves ( including entrapment neuropathies ) 

Neurological Assessment: Weakness and Sensory Loss

Be able to plan the appropriate investigation of a patient presenting with weakness 

Common Neurological Symptoms Muscle Twitching

Clinical Introduction to Muscle Diseases

Clinical Neurophysiology of Muscle and NMJ Disorders

Hereditary Neuropathies

Neuromuscular Junction Disorders

The Diagnostic Pathology of Neuromuscular Disease

HIV Neuropathy

The Neurology of HTLV-1 Infection

Movement disorder 
Know the pharmacological treatment of Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders 

Parkinson's Disease: Management of Motor Symptoms

Restless Legs Syndrome

The Primary Focal Dystonias

Tourette's Syndrome and Other Tic Disorders

Tremor: Classification and Management

Be able to investigate movement disorders 

Neurological Assessment – Movement Disorders

Dystonia: Classification and Genetics

Dystonias: Secondary Causes and Investigations

Hereditary Cerebellar Ataxia

Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia

Rare Causes of Tremor

Tourette's Syndrome and Other Tic Disorders

Tremor: Classification and Management

To able to identify correctly dystonic, myoclonic and choreiform movement disorder phenotypes 

Neurological Assessment – Movement Disorders

Classification and Epidemiology of Movement Disorders

Diagnosis and Treatment of Essential Tremor

Features, Causes and Treatment of Cerebellar Tremor and Ataxia

Parkinson's Disease: Management of Motor Symptoms

Tourette's Syndrome and Other Tic Disorders

Recognise the clinical features of idiopathic Parkinson, Juvenile Huntingdon and Wilson diseases 

Neurological Assessment – Movement Disorders

Features and Treatment of Parkinsonian Tremor

Parkinson's Disease: Management of Motor Symptoms

Parkinson's Disease: Definition, Pathology and Pathogenesis

Huntington’s Disease

Cognitive deficits 
Know the major aetiologies and presentations of dementia 

Investigation of Dementia

Degenerative Dementias: Current Concepts and Overview

Prion Disease: Epidemiology and Clinical Aspect

Prion Disease: Pathogenesis and Genetics

Vascular Cognitive Impairment: Rare and Unusual Causes

Young Onset and Treatable Dementia

Be aware of assessment instruments ( for example Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination ) and of the indications for referral for formal neuropsychometric assessment 

Neuropsychology and Head Injury

Know and understand the localising value of focal cognitive deficits 

The Mental Status Examination in Neurology

Young Onset and Treatable Dementia

Be able to assess a person reporting cognitive difficulties based on clinical assessment of the patient and informant interview  The Mental Status Examination in Neurology
Be able to perform a qualitative and quantitative mini mental state examination. MMSE  The Mental Status Examination in Neurology
Recognise and assess the contribution of effective states ( especially depression) to cognitive impairment  Degenerative Dementias: Current Concepts and Overview
Neurodegenerative disease 
Know the differential diagnosis of psychomotor regression presenting in adolescence  Young Onset and Treatable Dementia
Paraneoplastic disease 
Know and understand adult paraneoplastic syndromes including ataxias, neuropathies, ganglionopathies, and myopathies 

Acquired Cerebellar and Spinocerebellar Ataxias

Hereditary Cerebellar Ataxia

Acquired Muscle Disease

Acquired Peripheral Neuropathies

Neuromuscular Junction Disorders

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Neurometabolic disease 
Be able to recognise adult presentations of mitochondrial and metabolic disease 

Neuropsychiatric Aspects of Multiple Sclerosis and White Matter Disorders

Young Onset and Treatable Dementia

Genetic Muscle Disease

Last modified: Monday, 2 July 2018, 7:18 PM